All Rights Reserved, There are three major categories of IPv6 addresses: The IPv6 prefix concept is similar to IPv4 subnetting. How is IPv6 different . IPv6 addresses use 128 bits to represent an address which includes bits to be used for subnetting. To add a new IP address follow these steps below: Step 1: Go to the control panel and search for change adapter settings there will be two options: Ethernet and Wifi. IPv6 addresses are defined as 128-bit numbers, which means there are a maximum of 2 128 possible IPv6 addresses. Link-local scope spans the same topological region as the corresponding unicast scope. 4 How many IPv6 addresses are there in a 32? An anycast address is assigned to a group of interfaces, usually belonging to different nodes. IPv4 address A.B.C.D (in hex digits) is embedded in IPv6 as 0:0:0:0:0:0:A:B:C:D or just ::A:B:C:D. IPv6 addressesare used in automatic tunnels supporting both IPv4 and IPv6. Posted on December 9th, 2015 by David Taplin. It is an Internet Service Provider independent address space. Every interface with IPv6 is required to have a link-local FE80 address, and there's an algorithm that defines which address of those multiple addresses to use as source address. 2 raised to the power of 128 is indeed 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456. Hard skills are specific abilities, capabilities and skill sets that an individual can possess and demonstrate in a measured way. Each group is expressed as four hexadecimal digits and the groups are separated by colons. I have great hopes for LISP (still in draft form find links to the latest drafts here) but it seems to be taking a LONG time to get anywhere. Actually you can have as many as you like per interface. Now folks will have to learn to deal with firewalls (packet filters) again, but thats another story. Hence, total number of addresses possible in IPv4 = 2 32 = 4,294,967,296 In IPv6, an IP address is 128 bits long, hence the total number of unique addresses possible in IPv6 = 2128 = 3.41038 This, scheme allows many more devices to be allocated IP addresses. Something like 192.168..100, for example. Well-known means that these addresses are predefined and reserved for special use. IPv6 uses a 128-bit address which allows for 2128 , or approximately 3.4 x 1038 addresses. This manufacturers ID is known as an OUI (Organization Unique Identifier). Their structure consists of a 48-bit global routing prefix and a 16-bit subnet ID also referred to as Site-Level Aggregator (SLA). 65,536 possible ipv6 IPv6 does not implement broadcast addressing. In IPv6, an IP address is 128 bits long, hence the total number of unique addresses possible in IPv6 = 2128 = 3.41038 This, scheme allows many more devices to be allocated IP addresses. This implies that each device connected to the Internet using IPv6 has available 2 to the 64th power (18,446,744,073,709,551,616) IP addresses. Answer: 3.4 quadrillion IP addresses per planet! The latter (using an interface number) is the standard syntax on Microsoft Windows, but as support for this syntax is mandatory, it is also available on other operating systems. We are down to 42 undecillion from 340 undecillion. When an anycast address is assigned to an interface, like a subnet-router anycast address, duplicate address detection is not performed. Question 1. In the Domain Name System, hostnames are mapped to IPv6 addresses by AAAA resource records, so-called quad-A records. Scopes for anycast addresses are therefore the same as for unicast addresses. To unassign an IPv4 address, choose Unassign next to the address. a) begin with either a 2 or a 3 as the most significant hexadecimal digit, and : In all operating systems mentioned above, the zone index for link-local addresses actually refers to an interface, not to a zone. No, hes got to take it to the atomic level. For IPv6 addresses, modify the IP addresses as needed. This condition results in fields that are padded with . There are four types of IP addresses: public, private, static, and dynamic. You misinterpreted the quote. Anycast addresses are allocated from the unicast address space, therefore they are indistinguishable from global unicast addresses. After that lifetime expires the status becomes "deprecated" and no new connections should be made using this address. So actually how many Internet Protocol addresses are there under the new IPv6. For this purpose, Microsoft registered and reserved the second-level domain ipv6-literal.net on the Internet (although they gave up the domain in January 2014[12]). When written in fully-expanded format, an IPv6 address would appear like the following: 2001:0DB8:0012:0034:0000:0000:0000:1111. . The whole IPv6 security question is another area with a lot of myths. Even if a single address is not in use in different zones, the address prefixes for addresses in those zones may still be identical, which makes the operating system unable to select an outgoing interface based on the information in the routing table (which is prefix-based). Three hundred and forty undecillion, two hundred and eighty-two decillion, three hundred and sixty-six nonillion, nine hundred and twenty octillion, nine hundred and thirty-eight septillion, four hundred and sixty-three sextillion, four hundred and sixty-three quintillion, three hundred and seventy-four quadrillion, six hundred and seven trillion, four hundred and thirty-one billion, seven hundred and sixty-eight million, two hundred and eleven thousand, four hundred and fifty-six. The 64-bit interface identifier is automatically established randomly, obtained from a DHCPv6 server, or assigned manually. The number of atoms on the surface of earth (1) is 1.26 x 10 34 and the number of atoms on earth is 1.33 x 10 50 (does not concern us here).. The resulting hash value is used to construct the final address: Typically the 64 least significant bits are concatenated to the 64-bit network prefix, to yield a 128-bit address. NAT has been increasingly used for IPv4 networks to help alleviate IPv4 address exhaustion. Setting the Ground Rules How do I configure email on my iPhone using Outlook. IPv6 is the successor to the first addressing infrastructure of the Internet, Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4). Link-scoped multicast addresses use a comparable format.[5]. Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information, Steve Leibson takes a shot at putting it in real world terms, Unlock the Value Of Your Data To Harness Intelligence and Innovation, Intel Takes on Device Manageability at the Root, Supply Chain Transparency Matters Now More Than Ever. There are 3.410^38 or 340 undecillion IPv6 addresses. 3.4 x 10 38 > 1.26 x 10 34.. ", "Finally, I'd always heard "IPv6 has enough IP addresses for every grain of sand on all the beaches on Earth". These are typically in sizes from /19 to /32. Generation of a stable privacy address is based on a hash function that uses several stable parameters. Service Providers have to stop worrying about running out of addresses and plan for /48 allocations to end user. An example of an IPv6 address is: The standards provide flexibility in the representation of IPv6 addresses. Your email address will not be published. But if there are no more RAs, eventually the preferred lifetime elapses and the address becomes "deprecated". Its structure is well-known (shown in figure 4) which allows for easy filtering at site boundaries. This way, communication can be set up between trusted addresses exclusively. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The routing prefix of an interface address may be directly indicated with the address using CIDR notation. ", "The number of IP addresses in IPv6 is truly a prodigious number.". On system startup, a node automatically creates a link-local address on each IPv6-enabled interface, even if globally routable addresses are manually configured or obtained through "configuration protocols" (see below). The scope of the link-local address is only its respective link. : In Microsoft Windows operating systems, IPv4 addresses are valid location identifiers in Uniform Naming Convention (UNC) path names. Tony Bourke's Blog. This would seem intuitively to align well with the idea of assigning a /48 per site. In a different perspective, this is 252 addresses for every observable star in the known universe. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". IPv4, IPv6's protocol predecessor, was the fourth iteration of the Internet Protocol and was launched in the early 1980's. IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses and is capable of 340 undecillion addresses. With 1.8x10 19 addresses, overutilization of addresses on a single network interface simply isn t possible. There are a total of 4,294,967,296 addresses available in the IPv4 address range (and 281,474,976,710,656 in the IPv6 address range) but as for the number of addresses declared as. Coaxial cable is a type of copper cable specially built with a metal shield and other components engineered to block signal Megahertz (MHz) is a unit multiplier that represents one million hertz (106 Hz). Therefore the request will be processed only by the targeted node and not by all node attached to the link as it happens with broadcasted ARP in IPv4. If the resulting address does not conflict with existing or reserved addresses, it is assigned to the interface. This can aid network administration but greatly hinders IPv6 security. IANA currently allocates addresses from the prefix 2000::/3 to the regional providers. [1] For each of the major addressing and routing methodologies, various address formats are recognized by dividing the 128 address bits into bit groups and using established rules for associating the values of these bit groups with special addressing features. IPv6 of which has now superseded the IPv4 is built on a 128 bit model as opposed to the 32 bits of the older IPv4. Just goes to show you, you never know. What could we compare it to in real-world terms? Where autoconfiguration is used, it was once common for operating systems to derive a Layer 3 IPv6 address in part from the Layer 2 MAC address. How many IPv6 addresses are there in 32? Let's take a look at the following example of allocating global unicast addresses. You dont need to allocate a /48 to everyone. [1] Applications may use this address when talking to any one of the available routers, as packets sent to this address are delivered to just one router. Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the most recent version of the Internet Protocol (IP), the communications protocol that provides an identification and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic across the Internet.IPv6 was developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to deal with the long-anticipated problem of IPv4 address exhaustion, and is intended to . Let me explain. The rest of the IPv6 address space is reserved for future use or for special purposes. I have been using a /112 for routing purposes, but thats just in case I have multiple interfaces. The bits of the subnet id field are available to the network administrator to define subnets within the given network. I did some calculations and the mass of the solarsystem excluding the sun is roughly 2.6*10^27 kg. To put that number in context, it has been said that we could assign an IPv6 address to every atom on the surface of the earth, and still have enough addresses left to do another 100+ earths. In a single ipv6/32 there are 65,536 possible ipv6/48s. The size of a block of addresses is specified by writing a slash (/) followed by a number in decimal whose value is the length of the network prefix in bits. They are assigned whenever you join a network. You are a brave soul for trying to tackle that one. Examples include: RFC6782: Wireline Incremental IPv6 Deployment; IPv6 . If your ISP does not support IPv6, you can tunnel IPv6 over your IPv4 ISP to a free service like tunnelbroker.net. It turns out my embellishment was not wrong: there are 5 million addresses per square inch on the sphere that encloses the solar system out to Pluto. This is a number beyond human comprehension. Hosts automatically create IPv6 addresses by combining the subnet prefix with an interface ID that is generated from an interfaces MAC address. This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 11:25. Its big grains of sand dont even enter into it. Source addresses are preferred to have the same label value as the destination address. I recently heard a quote from the esteemed Geoff Huston that it would take three times the age of the universe to actually scan all the IPv6 addresses on a 48 bit IPv6 subnet if you were scanning at a million addresses per second. An Internet Protocol Version 6 address (IPv6 address) is a numeric label that is used to identify and locate a network interface of a computer or a network node participating in a computer network using IPv6. As you may already know, in IPv4there are several well-known multicast addresses in the range 224.0.0.0/24. As per RFC 2374 (obsoleted by RFC 3587) all public IPv6 addresses have the first three bits set to 001. To add to this significance, a /48 is the smallest Internet routable IPv6 prefix. There are a number of addresses with special meaning in IPv6. This gives us 2^125 Public IP addresses. Provider-independent address space is assigned directly to the end user by the RIRs from the special range 2001:678::/29 and allows customers to make provider changes without renumbering their networks. SOAR (security orchestration, automation and response), Project portfolio management: A beginner's guide, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. Register for Online Courses / Certifications, Public Seminars: Live Online or In-Person, Private Courses: Live Online or In-Person, TCO CTNS Certified Telecommunications Network Specialist, Course 2213 IP Networks, Routers and Addresses, TCO CTA Certified Telecommunications Analyst, Course 2413 IP Networks, Routers and Addresses, Course 101 Broadband, Telecom, Datacom and Networking for NonEngineers. Press ESC to cancel. Steve Leibson takes a shot at putting it in real world terms. Their only difference is administrative. 65,536 possible ipv6 So let's look at the addresses (or more accurately the subnetworks) within the IPv6 minimum allocation. Although DHCPv6 exists, IPv6 hosts normally use the Neighbor Discovery Protocol to create a globally routable unicast address: the host sends router solicitation requests and an IPv6 router responds with a prefix assignment.[41]. Copyright 1999 - 2023, TechTarget Addresses are matched to prefixes based on the longest matching most-significant bit-sequence. The hash functions can also be used to verify if a specific IPv6 address satisfies the requirement of being a valid CGA. Each IPv6 set represent 16 bits (4 characters at 4 bits each). The address fields in IPv6 packets are 128 bits long, meaning 2 to the power 128 or 2128 addresses. If you have IPv6 internet access you should have two as a bare minimum: an FE80::/64 link local address and a 2000::/3 global, routable address. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Well, without knowing the exact implementation details, we can get a rough estimate based on the fact that it uses 128 bits. It is an Internet Service Provider independent address space. In addition, the scope field is used to identify special multicast addresses, like solicited node. IPv6 strives for increased efficiency using only unicast, multicast, or anycast. A type of IPv6 address that is assigned to companies in blocks with Internet-routable prefixes which are then subnetted into multiple Internet-routable addresses. That didnt help to make it easier to understand did it? I have logic to show that really there is only a small fraction of the 340 undecillion possible IPv6 addresses that will ever be used. Thus, the use of IPv6 addresses is also illegal in UNC names. As multiple interfaces may belong to the same zone (e.g. All other addresses (including Unique local addresses) have global (or universal) scope, which means they are potentially globally routable and can be used to connect to addresses with global scope anywhere, or to addresses with link-local scope on the directly attached network. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. And when all of the 8 billion people on the planet have used their 4000 site address allocations, there are plenty more addresses left in the pool that have not been defined. So 2 to the power of 128 ends up being 340,282,366,920,938,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 unique IP addresses. Your email address will not be published. An IPv6 address is represented as eight groups of four hexadecimal digits, each group representing 16 bits[a] The groups are separated by colons (:). In order to resolve the ambiguity in textual addresses, a .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}zone index must be appended to the address. That's is why these global IPv6 unicast addresses are calledaggregatable. For example, 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456. Service Providers will not have enough IPv6 addresses to allocate /48 IPv6 prefixes to small businesses and home users. With the first 3 bits set to 001, and 64 bits reserved for the interface identifiers, that still leaves enough bits for2^61 networks. Cookie Preferences IPv6 Address is 128-bit address and it is the latest version of IP addresses. This means in a practical sense, all Public IPv6 addresses This is a number beyond human comprehension. An IPv6 address are written as hhhh: hhhh : hhhh : hhhh : hhhh: Question: 6. In general, representations are shortened as much as possible. This means that the first 3 hexadecimal digits of an address will always be ff0. [44] To reduce the prospect of a user identity being permanently tied to an IPv6 address portion, a node may create temporary addresses with interface identifiers based on time-varying random bit strings[45] and relatively short lifetimes (hours to days), after which they are replaced with new addresses. There is enough /48 IPv6 address prefixes available to give every person on the planet about 4000 allocations before IANA has to release some more of the 80% of the space which is still undefined! Link local, global, ULA and even random addresses generated from your prefix with privacy extensions. IPv6 addresses are written using hexadecimal, as opposed to dotted decimal in IPv4. BUT, there are 6-billion people on the planet, so if everyone was assigned . A unicast address identifies a single network interface. First of all, let's discuss the basics of IPv6 address and at the end of this post, I will share How to do IPv6 Address shortening or how to write IPv6 address in short form. . Anycast addresses cannot be identified easily, they have the same format as unicast addresses, and differ only by their presence in the network at multiple points. What is the formula for calculating solute potential? The smaller the value of the network prefix, the larger the block: a /21 block is 8 times larger than a /24 block. A solicited-node multicast address is created by copying the last 24 bits of a unicast or anycast address to the last 24 bits of the multicast address. IPv6 provides a much larger address pool so that many more devices can be connected to the Internet. Teracom's GSA Contract GS-02F-0053X for supplying this training to the United States Government is your assurance of approved quality and value. 128 We dont know what the world will be like 50 or 100 years from now. Most commonly the prefixes used with IPv6 are multiples of four, as seen in Table IPv6 Subnet Table, but they can be any number between 0 and 128. That is 340 undecillion possible IP addresses. IPv6 hosts use Neighbor Discovery to obtain a subnet prefix from a local router. The link-local address. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Hence, total number of addresses possible in IPv4 = 232 = 4,294,967,296 In IPv6, an IP address is 128 bits long, hence the total number of unique addresses possible in IPv6 = 2128 = 3.41038 This, scheme allows many more devices to be allocated IP addresses. Service Providers will not have enough IPv6 addresses to allocate /48 IPv6 prefixes to small businesses and home users. 340 trillion, 282 billion, 366 million, 920 thousand, 938 followed by 24 zeroes. To unassign an IPv6 address, choose Unassign next to the address. Using prefix lengths in multiples of four makes it easier for humans to distinguish IPv6 subnets. The structure of these addresses enables for aggregation of routing entries to achieve a smaller global IPv6 routing table. Whenever I try to explain IPv6 to my students, there is always one that tries to challenge the notion that we will exhaust IPv6 in our lifetime ( Im in my early 30s). How do I choose between my boyfriend and my best friend? So your wifi and cellular will have two different ones. I decided to throw in the Sun because that sucker is really big. Is IPv6 faster gaming? Each . the domain in which the multicast packet should be propagated. IPv6 has enough addresses to give every atom in the solar system its own unique address. IPv6 addresses can also be considered to have state: EUI-64 (Autoconfigured Stateless) or DHCPv6 (Autoconfigured Stateful). Asmall portion of the addresses starting with 000 and 111 are allocated for special types. It allows sites to beinterconnected without creating any address conflicts. A packet is sent to all interfaces associated with the address. They are chosen deterministically, but randomly, in the entire address space of the network. Temporary addresses may be used as source address for originating connections, while external hosts use a public address by querying the Domain Name System. Configuring the same unicast address to more than one interface makes it an anycast address. Automatically assigned to any IPv6 enabled interface. That's 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 addresses. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Ive explained earlier that RFC 2374 defines public addresses as being in the range 2000:: to 3FFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF. [9] To alleviate this conflict, literal IPv6 addresses are enclosed in square brackets in such resource identifiers, for example: When the URL also contains a port number the notation is: where the trailing 443 is the example's port number. The leading set of bits of the addresses are identical for all hosts in a given network, and are called the network's address or routing prefix. All that is required to design a larger or smaller subnet is to adjust the prefix by multiple of four. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". I think I'll figure that out when I get home. 2^128. The number of available addresses is only limited by the current IP technology in use. In the computer world, loopback addresses are typically used for testing the TCP/IP networking stack. In this request packet, the destination IPv6 address is the solicited-node multicast address corresponding to the target IPv6 unicast address (for reference, in IPv4 ARP target address is 0.0.0.0), and the destination MAC address is the multicast MAC address corresponding to the multicast address. 1 How many possible IPv6 addresses exist? IP addresses are not usually visible to the average user and are hidden by a system of domain names such as "illumin.usc.edu," which acts as a interface for internet users. As we already learned, IPv6 addresses are 128-bit long, which means that there are 340 undecillion possible addresses (the exact number is shown below). You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. A multicast address can not be asource address of a packet. [17][18][19] Global unicast assignment records can be found at the various RIRs or other websites.[20]. Begin typing your search term above and press enter to search. For addresses with other than global scope (as described in Address scopes), and in particular for link-local addresses, the choice of the network interface for sending a packet may depend on which zone the address belongs to. IPv6 includes new address types as well as changes to familiar address types. Leading zeros in each 16-bit field are suppressed, but each group must retain at least one digit. The globally unique and static MAC addresses, used by stateless address autoconfiguration to create interface identifiers, offer an opportunity to track user equipmentacross time and IPv6 network prefix changesand so users. Only after having successfully established that an address is unique may it be assigned and used by an interface. This routing is called Classless-InterDomain Routing (CIDR). Share Improve this answer Follow answered Sep 30, 2015 at 14:12 Spiff 99.5k 17 168 222 Not routable. As shown in figure 7, asolicited-node multicast address consists of the fixed prefix FF02::1:FF00:0/104and the last 24 bits of the corresponding IPv6 address. Typically used for testing the TCP/IP protocol stack in operating systems. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. I always go back to that original figure and then I tell them, even if we tried to exhaust the address pool, it is still not plausible. An IPv6 is 128 bits long, allowing many more IP addresses to be used. In IPv6, the IPv6 address0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1/128 is reserved for loopback identifier. The management of IPv6 address allocation process is delegated to the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)[14] by the Internet Architecture Board and the Internet Engineering Steering Group. For example, the network written as 2001:db8:1234::/48 starts at address 2001:db8:1234:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000 and ends at 2001:db8:1234:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff. According to Reserved IP addresses there are 588,514,304 reserved addresses and since there are 4,294,967,296 (2^32) IPv4 addressess in total, there are 3,706,452,992 public addresses. The second hash function takes the network prefix and the previous hash value. Because every bit has two possible values (1 or 0) and there are 128 bits total, we can calculate the total possible number of bit combinations with 2^128 (2 to the power of 128) which yields roughly 3.4 x 10^38 addresses. The biggest win with IPv6 is no more NAT. Only the targeted node 'listens' to thissolicited-node multicast address. One or more IP ranges. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". IPv6 Address Types. Therefore, in v4 it looks like 0.0.0.0/32and in v6 it looks like 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 or completely shortened as ::/128. There are two types of IP addresses: IPv4; . The prefix field contains the binary value 1111110. - 10.10.10.255. It has a globally unique prefix similar to global unicast addresses. Originally, two proposals existed for translating domain names to IPv6 addresses: one using AAAA records. Didn't even come close. They have a similar function as 224.0.0.0/24 in IPv4. Join our thousands of satisfied customers including: and the FBI Training Academy, US Marine Corps Communications School, US Army, Navy, Air Force and Coast Guard, the NSA and CIA, IRS, FAA, DND, CRA, CRTC, RCMP, banks, power companies, police forces, manufacturers, government, local and regional telcos, broadband carriers, individuals, telecom planners and administrators, finance, tax and accounting personnel and many more from hundreds of companies. Therefore these addresses won't overlap with any other ISP assigned range. With 32 bits, we can have 2 32 unique addresses. These groups are separated by colons. Using random addresses wherever possible, especially for static assignments, can mitigate many of these attacks. When a node needs to resolve the MAC address of a known IPv6 address, the device still needs to send a request. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. This myth is easy to debunk. IPv6 addresses An Ipv6 address uses 128 bits as opposed to 32 bits in IPv4. OK, first, you need to read RFC 6177 (BCP 0157). What is IP address and types of IP address - IPv4 and IPv6 | TechTerms Watch on Previous article It offers the capability of automatic allocation of reusable network addresses and additional configuration flexibility. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. This is my success story. For example, part of this address spaceis allocated to ARIN. Great and thorough post! Still didn't even come close. It is used as a more efficient approach to IPv4's broadcast delivery. IPv6 uses a 128-bit address which allows for 2128 , or approximately 3.4 x 1038 addresses. To define a named location by IPv4/IPv6 address ranges, you need to provide: A Name for the location. It would take three times the age of the universe to actually scan all the IPv6 addresses on a 48 bit IPv6 subnet if you were scanning at a million addresses per second. Enterprise project management (EPM) represents the professional practices, processes and tools involved in managing multiple Project portfolio management is a formal approach used by organizations to identify, prioritize, coordinate and monitor projects A passive candidate (passive job candidate) is anyone in the workforce who is not actively looking for a job. Teracom Instructor Richard Olsen did some calculations to help us grasp this number, calculating how many grains of sand there are in the Earth's crust. There are three main types of addresses as shown in Figure 2: Aggregatable global unicast addresses are part of the global routing prefix. IP addresses are not permanent. I use /127s for tunnels. Mobile IPv6 addresses can also be permanent (home address) or multiple care-of addresses. Could this be true? A network is denoted by the first address in the block (ending in all zeroes), a slash (/), and a decimal value equal to the size in bits of the prefix. Colon (:) characters in IPv6 addresses may conflict with the established syntax of resource identifiers, such as URIs and URLs.
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