A2, Designated state(s): The process of making a stable hydroquinone composition having a pH of about 5.5 to about 8.0 comprising: combining the following ingredients, in a carbon dioxide atmosphere: first, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and sodium metabisulfite, then, third, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, then, Application filed by Medicis Pharmaceutical Corp, [H]O[C@@]([H])(C([H])([H])O*)[C@@]1([H])OC(=O)C(O*)=C1O*, OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C, 3-aminopropyl [(2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3-hydroxy-5-oxo-2H-furan-4-yl] hydrogen phosphate, NCCCOP(O)(=O)OC1=C(O)[C@@H]([C@@H](O)CO)OC1=O, OC(=O)C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C, OC(=O)/C=C(\C)/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C, trisodium;[(5R)-5-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-2-oxido-4-oxofuran-3-yl] phosphate, [Na+].[Na+]. V)gB0iW8#8w8_QQj@&A)/g>'K t;\ $FZUn(4T%)0C&Zi8bxEB;PAom?W= Therefore, the solubility values of hydroquinone in different solvents are required; however, the data availability in the literature is poor.3-7 In this work, the solubility data of hydroquinone in water, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and acetic acid from 276.65 K to 345.10 K under atmospheric pressure were . 4]DYR@'c This complex dissolves in hot water, where the two molecules dissociate in solution. Fill out the form below, and we will send you the document as soon as we can! So, does anybody know of another solvent I could use that has a higher solubility and is relatively non-toxic. Solubilities of hydroquinone and p-quinone in - ScienceDirect New experimental data are provided for the solubility of resorcinol in water and salicylic acid, resorcinol, hydroquinone in 1-octanol. Do not put this product in the microwave. . How do I dissolve hydroquinone powder to make a 20% and 10% concentration? J. Canon 2 Liquid phase only; silicon dioxide remains as a residue in these solvents. All information collection is solely used to support ChemPoint customers service communications. This invention addresses the problem of formulating a pigmentation disorder treatment composition with hydroquinone without an excessive discoloration of the composition in the pH range of about 7.0. Phase A is added to the tank, which is held at a temperature of from about 70 to about 75 C, and in which a CO. PDF Hydroquinone Hydroquinone - Wikipedia Stabilisation of biofuels with hydrophilic, natural antioxidants SOLUBILITIES - DrugFuture Examples of suitable methods of encapsulation include encapsulation by liposomes, wax, paraffin or any material or combination of materials which protect the retinoid from exposure to oxygen and inhibit oxidation of the retinoid from oxidation. The Beaver: Its Life and Impact. Continue rinsing.IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.Avoid release to the environment.WARNING: The information provided on this web site was developed in compliance with European Union (EU) regulations and is correct to the best of our knowledge, information and belief at the date of its publication. Chim. endstream endobj 276 0 obj <>stream Water Solubility 73000 mg/L at 25C 2.6B pH pKa 4.0 - 4.7 pK1 = 9.9 2.12 Oxidation:Reduction Potential +286 mV at 25C and pH 7 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE/BIODEGRADATION 250, 165172 (2006), F. L. Mota, A. J. Queimada, A. E. Andreatta, S. P. Pinho, E. A. Macedo, Fluid Phase Equilib. Hydroquinone Revision Date 24-Dec-2021 General Advice If symptoms persist, call a physician. If you are already a ChemPoint customer then sign up for access to our online ordering website. It is soluble in water. Thus, while cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, have beneficial antioxidant effects on the skin, the combination with hydroquinone in the invention results in a compatible and stable composition. Eastman Hydroquinone, USP Grade is for skin-lightening products to address hyperpigmentation. 108. Hydroquinone (C 6 H 4 (OH) 2), also known as benzene-1,4-diol or quinol, is an aromatic organic compound, with a variety of uses in chemistry. However, these hydroquinone-containing compositions were in the acidic pH range and did not contain cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, such as magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. In the environment, hydroquinone showed increased toxicity for aquatic organisms, being less harmful for bacteria and fungi. Forms of retinoids have been developed wherein the retinoid is protected by a protective system. 0000002585 00000 n sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic, hydroximic acids, Carboxylic acids, e.g. Thus, merely adding one retinoid to a hydroquinone composition would result in instability and/or discoloration, and adding hydroquinone to a retinoid product would have a similar result. Retinoids, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin), which are protected have been shown to also be color stable in hydroquinone, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and sodium metabisulfite composition at about a neutral pH, preferably from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably from about 6.0 to about 7.5. [22] The FDA stated that hydroquinone cannot be ruled out as a potential carcinogen. Adobe Acrobat 10.1.6 Paper Capture Plug-in Such carriers are widely known in the art and deliver the composition's ingredients to the skin without excessive degradation, inactivation or other unwanted interaction. [17], An important reaction is the conversion of hydroquinone to the mono- and diamine derivatives. [19][20], In 2006, the United States Food and Drug Administration revoked its previous approval of hydroquinone and proposed a ban on all over-the-counter preparations. Hydroquinone | C6H4(OH)2 - PubChem valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. The information given is designed only as a guide for safe handling and use. So, does anybody know of another solvent I could use that has a higher . Substituted derivatives of this parent compound are also referred to as hydroquinones. Preparation, optimization and in vivo. The most preferred example of such an antioxidant is sodium metabisulfite. Hydroquinone is a white crystalline solid, poorly soluble in water, but more soluble in organic solvents. 230, 176183 (2005), A. Apelblat, E. Manzurola, N. A. Balal, J. Chem. HYdroquinone can be found in various skin care products. AzA inhibits tyrosinase. Bioaccumulative potential Hydroquinone (123 -31 -9) Bioaccumulative potential Not established. Res. HMkA+"c>jZ^ho=81NW;]Ib;+i#iFArHpz). `9F6~qg3]0,#!V9Q> p=|h| The Campaign for Safe Cosmetics has also highlighted concerns. 0000004433 00000 n The present invention addresses the problem of excessive discoloration in hydroquinone compositions of a neutral pH. 2017-02-16T10:10:56+01:00 It does not have the same predisposition to cause dermatitis as metol does. Eng. Hydroquinone occurs as fine, white needles. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. EP2047846A2 - Process for stabilizing hydroquinone - Google I would like to add retinol and kojic acid to it as well. The obtained results show that the solubility of benzoic acid in water is greater than that of salicylic acid, but in the case of the two isomers of dihydroxybenzene, the solubility of resorcinol is approximately 100 times that of hydroquinone. The preferred protected retinoid is in the form of small beads or vesicles which are of a form that can be adjusted to be incorporated into varied topical compositions. Environ. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. According to the polar paradox theory, this should lead to a dissolution of . Chemically, hydroquinone is designated as p-dihydroxybenzene; the empirical formula is C 6 H 6 O 2; molecular weight is 110.0. Glycerol derivatives solubilise natural, hydrophilic antioxidants in biofuels. Editor's Rating: Some hydroquinone compositions include antioxidants, such as ascorbyl palmitate. This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions. A further embodiment of the invention includes a method for stabilizing a hydroquinone composition (with about 1% to about 12% hydroquinone, preferably about 2% to about 10%, more preferably about 2% to about 8%, and most preferably about 3% to about 4%) with a neutral pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5, by adding a water-soluble antioxidant, preferably sulfite, including but not limited to sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, their salts and their derivatives, most preferably sodium metabisulfite, and a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably sodium ascorbyl phosphate, more preferably aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. [Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O, trimethyl-[phenyl-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)silyl]oxysilane, C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](O[Si](C)(C)C)(O[Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1, C\C(=C/C=O)\C=C\C=C(\C=C\C1=C(CCCC1(C)C)C)/C, 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC, 2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2-dodecoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethanol, C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1, O=C1C(=O)C(C2=CNC3=C(C(C(=O)C4=C32)=O)C)=C2C4=CNC2=C1C, [Na+].[Na+].[Na+]. Hydroquinone is combustible when preheated. In hydroquinone and sodium metabisulfite compositions, it is believed that the sodium metabisulfite oxidizes first and delays the start of any oxidation of the hydroquinone, so that excessive discoloration is delayed or totally avoided. Hydrquinone Cas N: 123-31-9 - Oecd Eastman has active ingredients, thickeners, plasticizers, film formers, and more for your personal care formulations. Lastly, I'd like to add benzoic acid for preservation purposes. 57, 295300 (2013), R. F. Pires, M. R. Franco Jr, Fluid Phase Equilib. How to make CE Ferulic with HA and NO propylene glycol? 65, 5786 (1998), Y.-H. Zhang, Trends Analyt. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. HVoLg~Z+ Other solubilities: soluble in alcohol and ether,slightly soluble in benzene,readily soluble in ethanol,acetone and methanol, Needle-like Crystals or Crystalline Powder. application/pdf The obtained results show that the . Table II shows that at 5C, 4% hydroquinone compositions maintain their white or light straw color with the addition of at least about 0.5% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate at the low pH ranges (from about 3.50 to about 5.50) and when about 1.0 to about 2.0% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate is used in the pH range of about 7.0. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-020-02750-4. This is a prescription-only ingredient in some countries, including the member states of the European Union under Directives 76/768/EEC:1976. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. The solubility in water is 6.72g/L. Approximate Solubilities of USP and NF Articles, methanol, 13; ethyl acetate, >10,000; hexanes, >10,000, 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, 1; 0.1 N sodium hydroxide, 1, boiling alcohol, 50; boiling chloroform, 80; acetone at 50, methanol, 3; isopropanol, 69; benzene, 2500; petroleum ether, 5000, dimethylformamide, 10; 10 N sodium hydroxide, 3.5, dimethylacetamide, 2; dimethylformamide, 3.5; dimethylsulfoxide, 3.5, 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, 2500; 0.1 N sodium hydroxide, 100, isopropyl alcohol, 4; propylene glycol, 9; methanol, 5.3, isopropyl alcohol, 1408; propylene glycol, 119; methanol, 75, alcohol solution (1 in 2), 2; diethylphthalate, <1; benzyl benzoate, <1, acetone, 100; methanol, 1000; 0.1 N hydrochloride acid, >1000, absolute alcohol, 8; methanol, 8; propylene glycol, 19, pyridine, 10; methanol, 71; acetone, 130; methylene chloride, 286; toluene, 2000; dioxane, 2000, carbon disulfide, 2 (slowly and usually incompletely), carbon disulfide, 2 (slowly and usually incompletely) olive oil, 100, methylenedichloride, 43; 4-methyl-2-pentanone, 100. Treatment with hydroquinone interferes with the action of tyrosinase, which is an enzyme used in the synthesis of melanin, and compositions are sold across the counter at about 2% hydroquinone and by prescription at higher concentrations. It is found in wheat, rye, and barley.It is a precursor to diverse industrial products including polymers and plasticizers, as well as being a component of a number of hair and skin conditioners. Methods and products for nucleic acid production and delivery, Nucleic acid product and its administration method, Nucleic acid product and method of administration thereof, Compositions and systems for the treatment of hyperpigmentation, Methods for prevention of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, Skin care compositions containing retinoids, Improved method for stability of ageing comprising thirosinase inhibitor activity, Use of ascorbic acid to reduce irritation of topically applied active ingredients, COSMETIC COMPOSITIONS WITH ANTIMICOTIC PROPERTIES, EFFECTIVE AGAINST PSORIASIS AND HAIR LOSS AND COSMETIC METHOD FOR, Treatment or prevention of undesired skin pigmentation, Skin care compositions and method of improving skin appearance, Ultrasound enhancement of percutaneous drug absorption, Skin whiteners containing hydroxytetronic acid, Stabilized retinoid-containing skin care compositions, Retinoid compositions containing a water soluble antioxidant and a chelator, Composition and method for treating rosacea and sensitive skin with free radical scavengers, Skin care compositions containing imidazoles and retinoids, Stable compositions containing a retinoid and an enzyme based antioxidant system, Self-tanning compositions containing dha and propolis extract, Composition and process for stabilizing oxygen-unstable species, Bleaching preparation and cosmetic for preventing and improving aging of skin, Composition and method for the treatment of pigmentation disorders, Composition for cosmetic or pharmaceutical use, Remedies for pigmentation and melanocyte proliferation inhibitors, Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase, Divisional application: reference to earlier application, Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent. GHS P Statement: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Anal. C6H4O2) is formed. A3, Free format text: 0000002379 00000 n The solubility was increased by addition of ethanol, reached a maximum . ADS In another embodiment of the invention, hydroquinone and a protected retinoid are both combined in the composition. You take the cream, put it in a container, take the powder measurement and add it. fungichromin, Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. EP, Kind code of ref document: AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR, Kind code of ref document: An acceptable carrier also possesses suitable aesthetic and cosmetic qualities and may include emollients, conditioners and the like. 1401417, Country of ref document: The preferred form of protected retinol is manufactured by SunSmart (also known as Particle Sciences, Inc. of Bethlehem, PA) under the brand name of SunCaps A-1283. A common route involves hydroxylation of phenol. 88, 161164 (2010), J. Delgado, Int. One embodiment of the invention is a composition which comprises hydroquinone (about 1% to about 12%, preferably about 2% to about 10%, more preferably about 2% to about 8%, more preferably with about 2% to about 4%, and most preferably about 3% to about 4%) and has a neutral pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5. Add the hydroquinone to the water. I can't use water because I cannot dissolve enough Hydroquinone into it to reach the desired concentration. ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012, Free format text: English, J.C. and Deisinger, P.J. You can expect to hear back from a ChemPoint product specialist within 1 business hour. 114, 175188 (1996), I. Hahnenkamp, G. Graubner, J. Gmehling, Int. 0000004197 00000 n [34], It is also one of the chemical compounds found in castoreum. 0000005306 00000 n Hydroquinone - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics This invention relates to methods and compositions for the treatment of pigmentation disorders, including hyperpigmentation and vitiligo. 20grams ofhydroquinonein 20oz is liquid is 10%. The Boiling Point of hydroquinone is 287C Also, the Melting Point of hydroquinone is 172C. volume42, Articlenumber:1 (2021) ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013, Ref document number: 0000002198 00000 n Cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, including inorganic salts, preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, and amino acyl derivatives, preferably aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, are preferred in this invention. Preferably, the protected retinoid, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin), is in the form of small beads or spheres suitable for incorporation into a topical composition. Thermodyn. Azelaic acid - Wikipedia Other properties of hydroquinone are given in Table 1. Please sign in to view account pricing and product availability. Solubility of Hydroquinone in Different Solvents from 276.65 K to 345. This website uses cookies. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. This chamber is lined with cells that secrete catalases and peroxidases. &"oq YcbX.=a*t R@ 420, 2429 (2016), W. E. Acree Jr, Thermochim Acta 189, 3756 (1991), F. L. Nordstrm, . C. Rasmuson, J. Chem. Although about 0.01% sodium metabisulfite without magnesium ascorbyl phosphate may not color stabilize an about 4% hydroquinone composition, and about 0.5% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate without sodium metabisulfite may not either, the combination of sodium metabisulfite and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate in these percentages is effective to stabilize the color of the about 1% to about 12%, about 2% to about 10%, preferably about 2% to about 8% and more preferably about 3% to about 4% and most preferably 4% hydroquinone composition. Phase A: Dissolve L-Ascorbic Acid in distilled water via agitation and gentle heating (warm, never hot or you will denature the ascorbic acid). Other antioxidants, for example cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, and sodium ascorbyl phosphate, have not been utilized in combination with hydroquinone in view of the acidic pH, generally from about 3.4 to about 3.5, and the recommended pH range for magnesium ascorbyl phosphate is about 7.0 to 8.5. Appearance: Free-flowing white crystalsOdor: OdorlessMolecular weight: 110.11Empirical formula: C6H6O2Assay (Anhydrous basis): 99.0-100.5 %Melting point: 172-174CWater: 0.5 wt % max.Residue on ignition: 0.5 % maxSolubility: Moderately soluble in water, glycerin, propylene glycol, and highly soluble in ethanol, Can work in conjunction with glycolic acid to help reduce pigment in melasma Non-GMOExtremely low vapor pressureUSP GradeEuropean Pharma GradeDrug master file available upon request. [Na+].OC(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C(O)=O.OC(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C(O)=O, SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILET PREPARATIONS, Preparations for care of the skin for chemically bleaching or whitening the skin, PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL, OR TOILET PURPOSES, Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients, Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. I'm using it for spot treatment of some hyper pigmentation (less than 1% of my body). endstream endobj 1 0 obj <> endobj 2 0 obj <> endobj 12 0 obj <>stream Thank you for your inquiry and interest in ChemPoint. Classical photo shops . Approved only for prescription use in the U.S. market.Ideal for creams, lotions, and gels for personal care ingredients, pharmaceutical chemical, pharmaceutical excipients, and skin care ingredients. For more information, please see our Anal. I did that by using 1 cup of cream, 4tbsp of hydroquinone and 4tbsp of water or solvent. COMMON BRAND NAME (S): Aclaro, Aclaro PD, Alera, Alphaquin HP, Alustra, Claripel, Complex B . Since the neutral pH of the hydroquinone composition with sodium metabisulfite and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate is preferably from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5, the pH is acceptable for also including retinoids in the composition. Eng. The solubility in water is 6.72g/L. Unfortunately, retinoids, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin) also have discoloration problems due to oxidation. They may also include ingredients with other therapeutic actions, such as anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, exfoliants and peels. Dietland Muller-Schwarze, 2003, page 43 (, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Additive manufacturing of ceramics from preceramic polymers, http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31976L0768:EN:HTML, "Clear N Smooth Skin Toning Cream recalled", Skin Bleaching Drug Products for Over-the-Counter Product Use; Proposed Rule, "About the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research - Hydroquinone Studies Under The National Toxicology Program (NTP)", Campaign For Safe Cosmetics - Hydroquinone, "Skin lightening preparations and the hydroquinone controversy", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hydroquinone&oldid=1136453324, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from October 2016, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The most widely used route is similar to the, A potentially significant synthesis of hydroquinone from, Hydroquinone was first obtained in 1820 by the French chemists, Pelletier and Caventou (1820) "Recherches chimiques sur les quinquinas" (Chemical investigations of quinquinas [i.e., the bark of various, This page was last edited on 30 January 2023, at 11:09. Will glycerol and citric acid react? If yes, under what conditions? Retinoid compositions, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin) are known to be effective in improving rough skin texture, mottled pigmentation, sallow complexion, lines and wrinkles. Natural antioxidants could replace hydroquinone derivatives used in industry. : Metabolism and disposition of hydroquinone in Fischer 344 rats after oral or dermal administration. Methylaminophenol, used in photography, is produced in this way:[8]. Classical photo shops also sell hydroquinone. 49, 313321 (2015). uuid:3780f5dc-b322-4e29-9b1d-4c4d10b1e282 Rev. Some documentation and label information may refer to the legacy brand. I've been presented with the problem of trying to dissolve Hydroquinone in a solvent other than water. The present invention combats this problem, with hydroquinone compositions in the neutral pH range, preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5. The method of item 1 07 wherein the hydroquinone is present in about 4%. PubMedGoogle Scholar. 388, 7381 (2010), H. Li, G. Hu, F. Guo, L. Zhao, J. Zhu, Y. Zhang, Can. Protected retinoid, with its skin benefit capabilities, may also be included with the hydroquinone composition. [23] This conclusion was reached based on the extent of absorption in humans and the incidence of neoplasms in rats in several studies where adult rats were found to have increased rates of tumours, including thyroid follicular cell hyperplasias, anisokaryosis (variation in nuclei sizes), mononuclear cell leukemia, hepatocellular adenomas and renal tubule cell adenomas. A preferred embodiment utilizes encapsulation. Inhalation Remove to fresh air. :hS-g"s2Sj Ij=x'V]gPV8tt~qkAVXi|u}5;#.pl-/4JFQ.EP3&F.qa2hI{N qBmG(z#n [GN.}aazN(~8kux9#tnYwIHFuxW v9UNj&ffNW_\\Tc""8=_"7wC>svwQy\^4gF H][QzmlOI(B@ U4[Xb0,|m0*D"/#$\u(QI)RYg\;8 Yjh - 65.21.225.73. Antioxidants, preferably sulfites, including but not limited to sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, their salts, and their derivatives, most preferably sodium metabisulfite, have been used to stabilize certain compositions, which have included hydroquinone. Hydroquinone can be made through several routes. Boucif Belhachemi. It is not to be considered as either a warranty or quality specification. RJPT - Hydroquinone Solubility in Pure and Binary Solvent Mixture at Hydroquinone compositions are effective but have some undesirable side effects. Data 53, 12781282 (2008), A. INCI HydroquinoneEastman Hydroquinone, USP is a skin care ingredient used to produce effective skin- lightening applications for depigmentation. The present invention is not to be limited by any mechanism described in the specification, because it is defined by the claims. 15, 188196 (1996), U. Domaska, Fluid Phase Equilib. [27] Several such agents are already available or under research,[28] including azelaic acid,[29] kojic acid, retinoids, cysteamine,[30] topical steroids, glycolic acid, and other substances. I made my own hydroquinone 4% and added it to my cream. Hydroquinone - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics Monobenzone occurs as a white, almost tasteless crystalline powder, soluble in alcohol and practically insoluble in water. Without being limited to the mechanism of this discoloration, it is believed that the discoloration may be caused at least in part by oxidation of the hydroquinone. GHS H Statement: Causes serious eye damage.Suspected of causing genetic defects.May cause an allergic skin reaction.Suspected of causing cancer.Harmful if swallowed.Very toxic to aquatic life. Int J Thermophys 42, 1 (2021). The solubilities in binary and ternary systems of hydroquinone (1,4-dihydroxybenzene) and p-quinone (1,4-benzoquinone) in supercritical carbon dioxide were measured in the pressure range 10.0 to 35.0 MPa at temperatures of 333, 348 and 363 K.In binary systems, the solubility of hydroquinone was three orders of magnitude lower than that of p-quinone. wG xR^[ochg`>b$*~ :Eb~,m,-,Y*6X[F=3Y~d tizf6~`{v.Ng#{}}jc1X6fm;'_9 r:8q:O:8uJqnv=MmR 4 Hydroquinone IS a white crystalline substance when pure and is highly soluble in water. The toxicology of hydroquinone - relevance to occupational and environmental exposure. This page was last modified on 19 June 2019, at 20:05. One skilled in the art is familiar with the known protective system technologies, such as encapsulation and entrapment methodologies. Hydroquinone[1] Idrochinone Quinol 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene p-dihydroxybenzene p-hydroxyphenol 1,4-Hydroxy benzene Identifiers CAS Number 123-31-9 Y 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image Beilstein Reference 605970 ChEBI CHEBI:17594 Y ChEMBL ChEMBL537 Y ChemSpider 764 Y DrugBank DB09526 ECHA InfoCard 100.004.199 EC Number 204-617-8 Gmelin Reference 2742
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