what was the blitzkrieg weegy

The concept of blitzkrieg was formed by Prussian military tactics of the early 19th century, which recognized that victory could come only through forceful and swift action because of Prussias relatively limited economic resources. Delegation and the encouragement of initiative aided implementation, important decisions could be taken quickly and communicated verbally or with brief written orders. During the war, officers such as Willy Rohr developed tactics to restore maneuver on the battlefield. Weegy is another website similar to Quora where people can ask questions but it also uses Artificial Intelligence as well as real people to answer the questions. Its goal - according to Fhrer Directive 21 (18 December 1940) - was "to destroy the Russian forces deployed in the West and to prevent their escape into the wide-open spaces of Russia". In hindsightand with some help from Liddell Hartthis torrent of action was squeezed into something it never was: an operational design. [140], James Corum wrote that it was a myth that the Luftwaffe had a doctrine of terror bombing, in which civilians were attacked to break the will or aid the collapse of an enemy, by the Luftwaffe in Blitzkrieg operations. Poland, Norway, France, the Low Countries, the Balkans, North Africa, and the Soviet Union were quickly overwhelmed, and Germany's victories were incredibly fast and efficient. The results were exaggerated,[by whom?] Those attacks combined with Maxime Weygand's Hedgehog tactic would become the major basis for responding to blitzkrieg attacks in the future: deployment in depth, permitting enemy or "shoulders" of a penetration was essential to channelling the enemy attack, and artillery, properly employed at the shoulders, could take a heavy toll of attackers. The method of "terror", was denied to German aerial operations (and strategic bombing methods) by the Luftwaffe field manual, As far as the Ju 87 is concerned, it is thought the sirens were suggested to the Junkers company by, Now came the riposte - a counter-attack [] from the forest of Villers-Cotterets []. Joseph McCarthy was the US lawmaker who made a name for himself in the 1950s accusing people of being communists. [citation needed] The reverse can be seen in the Russian summer offensive of 1944, Operation Bagration, which resulted in the destruction of Army Group Center. = 15 * 3/20 24 in. Most of the German armored forces were placed in Panzer Group Kleist, which attacked through the Ardennes, a lightly-defended sector that the French planned to reinforce if need be, before the Germans could bring up heavy and siege artillery. Milward described an economy positioned between a full war economy and a peacetime economy. Other historians wrote that blitzkrieg was an operational doctrine of the German armed forces and a strategic concept on which the leadership of Nazi Germany based its strategic and economic planning. prince william county sheriff election. After the war, the Reichswehr expanded and improved infiltration tactics. [86][pageneeded] Steven Zaloga wrote, "Whilst Western accounts of the September campaign have stressed the shock value of the panzer and Stuka attacks, they have tended to underestimate the punishing effect of German artillery on Polish units. While Allied Air Forces were tied to the support of the Army, the Luftwaffe deployed its resources in a more general, operational way. [32] By the time of the Second World War, their reports had led to doctrinal and training publications, including H. Dv. [44][45] Through constant pressure by infantry and cavalry, two Ottoman armies in the Judean Hills were kept off-balance and virtually encircled during the Battles of Sharon and Nablus (Battle of Megiddo). But lacking the ability to hit them with accuracy (only three or four Ju 87s saw action in Spain), the Luftwaffe chose a method of carpet bombing, resulting in heavy civilian casualties. It argued that Germany must develop self-sufficiency in food, because it might again prove impossible to deal a swift knock-out to its enemies, leading to a long war. The reason for Hitler's spectacular early success in WWII was a brazen new style of warfare known as Blitzkrieg, a combination of the German words for "lightning" (blitz) and "war" (krieg) coined by Western journalists who were floored by the speed and ferocity of the Nazi attack."The Blitzkrieg shocked the world," says Kirchubel, "that an enemy army could be defeated so quickly and that . C. Virginia colonists needed to form their own government and company. [41], Norman Stone detects early blitzkrieg operations in offensives by the French generals Charles Mangin and Marie-Eugne Debeney in 1918. Weegy: Blitzkrieg was a swift intensive military attack, using tanks supported by aircraft, designed to defeat the opposition quickly. por | Jun 7, 2022 | sheraton vistana resort villas map | ceramic hamster hideout | Jun 7, 2022 | sheraton vistana resort villas map | ceramic hamster hideout = 2 1/4. However, the Soviet Union launched a counteroffensive in November 1942, trapping and destroying an entire German army at Stalingrad. [28][29], In 1914, German strategic thinking derived from the writings of Carl von Clausewitz (1 June 1780 16 November 1831), Helmuth von Moltke the Elder (26 October 1800 24 April 1891) and Alfred von Schlieffen (28 February 1833 4 January 1913), who advocated maneuver, mass and envelopment to create the conditions for a decisive battle (Vernichtungsschlacht). During the civil war Southern leaders hoped that. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. WINDOWPANE is the live-streaming app for sharing your life as it happens, without filters, editing, or anything fake. = 2 1/4. User: She worked really hard on the project. It means lightning war. The use of mobility, shock, and locally concentrated firepower in a skillfully coordinated attack paralyzed an adversarys capacity to organize defenses, rather than attempting to physically overcome them, and then exploited that paralysis by penetrating to the adversarys rear areas and disrupting its whole system of communications and administration. User: She worked really hard on the project. Log in for more information. C. a measure of gravitational force on an object. -is what's meant by the phrase "The domesticated generations fell Weegy: A suffix is added to the end of a word to alter its meaning. [83], Although journalists popularized the term blitzkrieg during the September 1939 invasion of Poland, historians Matthew Cooper and J. P. Harris have written that German operations during this campaign were consistent with traditional methods. In an article addressed to critics of tank warfare, he wrote "until our critics can produce some new and better method of making a successful land attack other than self-massacre, we shall continue to maintain our beliefs that tanksproperly employed, needless to sayare today the best means available for land attack." User: The was the systematic imprisonment and murder of Jewish people, in nazi-controlled territory during world war two. Germany was able to march an army through Luxembourg and Belgium, then capture France, all in the same ye. [22] In the second article (1938), launching a swift strategic knock-out is described as an attractive idea for Germany but difficult to achieve on land under modern conditions (especially against systems of fortification like the Maginot Line), unless an exceptionally high degree of surprise could be achieved. [12] Modern historians now understand blitzkrieg as the combination of the traditional German military principles, methods and doctrines of the 19th century with the military technology of the interwar period. Blitzkrieg consisted of an avalanche of actions that were sorted out less by design and more by success. Blitzkrieg is vulnerable to an enemy that is robust enough to weather the shock of the attack and that does not panic at the idea of enemy formations in its rear area. With much of their own armor and heavy equipment lost in Northern France, they lacked the means to fight a mobile war. [74] In addition, German air parity or superiority allowed the unencumbered movement of ground forces, their unhindered assembly into concentrated attack formations, aerial reconnaissance, aerial resupply of fast moving formations and close air support at the point of attack. Its origins, however, can be traced to the 19th century, and elements of blitzkrieg have been used in present-day conflicts. [citation needed], The Germans had not used paratroop attacks in France and only made one big drop in the Netherlands, to capture three bridges; some small glider-landings were conducted in Belgium to take bottle-necks on routes of advance before the arrival of the main force (the most renowned being the landing on Fort Eben-Emael in Belgium). [58], According to David A.Grossman, by the 12th Battle of Isonzo (OctoberNovember 1917), while conducting a light-infantry operation, Rommel had perfected his maneuver-warfare principles, which were the very same ones that were applied during the Blitzkrieg against France in 1940 (and repeated in the Coalition ground offensive against Iraq in the 1991 Gulf War). Some of the military historians who consider Operation Citadel, or at least the southern pincer, as envisioning a blitzkrieg attack or state it was intended as such are: Lloyd Clark (, Many of the German participants of Operation Citadel made no mention of blitzkrieg in their characterisation of the operation. WINDOWPANE is the live-streaming app for sharing your life as it happens, without filters, editing, or anything fake. How did Ralph Waldo Emerson impact American society? [113], In 1965, Captain Robert O'Neill, Professor of the History of War at the University of Oxford produced an example of the popular view. swagtron serial number. Sternberg wrote that Germany was not prepared economically for a long war but might win a quick war ("Blitzkrieg"). mobile homes for rent in rigby idaho. Blitzkrieg aka The German war machine was is a term used to describe a method of offensive warfare designed to strike a swift, focused blow at an enemy using. Explore a timeline of events that occurred before, during, and after the Holocaust. 20/3 6 2/3 This theory of war also emphasized consolidation, recommending caution against overconfidence and ruthless exploitation. Once war had begun, Hitler urged his economic experts to abandon caution and expend all available resources on the war effort but the expansion plans only gradually gained momentum in 1941. The Federalist Papers was used by Federalists to help ratify the Constitution. -is what's meant by the phrase "The domesticated generations fell Weegy: A suffix is added to the end of a word to alter its meaning. D. 896 square inches, How often were slaves freed in colonial America? Strategies based on maneuver have the inherent danger of the attacking force overextending its supply lines, and can be defeated by a determined foe who is willing and able to sacrifice territory for time in which to regroup and rearm, as the Soviets did on the Eastern Front (as opposed to, for example, the Dutch who had no territory to sacrifice). The Queen bought it. These concepts would guide Red Army doctrine throughout World War II. -is what's meant by the phrase "The domesticated generations fell Weegy: A suffix is added to the end of a word to alter its meaning. = 15 * 3/20 = 2 1/4. C. 12 in. [96][97] On the ground, four German panzer groups outflanked and encircled disorganized Red Army units, while the marching infantry completed the encirclements and defeated the trapped forces. [133] The rearmament of the Kriegsmarine was to have been completed in 1949 and the Luftwaffe rearmament program was to have matured in 1942, with a force capable of strategic bombing with heavy bombers. [89], Panzer Group Kleist raced to the English Channel, reaching the coast at Abbeville, and cut off the BEF, the Belgian Army and some of the best-equipped divisions of the French Army in northern France. The Germans last successful Kessel campaign was against the British paratroops at Arnhem, Netherlands, an encirclement that came to be known as the Hexenkessel (witches cauldron). [116] Overy disagreed with the idea that Hitler and the Nazi regime ever intended a blitzkrieg war, because the once popular belief that the Nazi state organized their economy to carry out its grand strategy in short campaigns was false. 16/9 = Weegy: Whenever an individual stops drinking, the BAL will decrease slowly. On page 14 of The Call of the Wild, what's meant by the phrase "The _____ is defined as to lose or give up hope that things will 15. When the Nazi war machines tears through Poland, France, and the Soviet Union, people will call it Blitzkrieg. "[48] Liddell Hart considered that important aspects of the operation were the extent to which Ottoman commanders were denied intelligence on the British preparations for the attack through British air superiority and air attacks on their headquarters and telephone exchanges, which paralyzed attempts to react to the rapidly deteriorating situation. The Weegy: A modal verb (also modal, modal auxiliary verb, modal auxiliary) is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to what was an advantage the south had over the north in the civil war. [144], The Luftwaffe did end up with an air force consisting mainly of relatively short-range aircraft, but this does not prove that the German air force was solely interested in 'tactical' bombing. Overy presents this as evidence that a "blitzkrieg economy" did not exist. It is actually an opposition paper. Operation Barbarossa helped confirm that armor effectiveness and the requisite aerial support were dependent on weather and terrain. Rather than receiving an explicit order, a commander would be told of his superior's intent and the role which his unit was to fill in this concept. B. Spanish money funded the colonial settlement in England. Updates? The German army was trained to support the Schwerpunkt, even when risks had to be taken elsewhere to support the point of main effort as well as attacking with overwhelming firepower. But once the Second World War became that war of production and a defensive one for the Germans Blitzkrieg was a far less useful tactic. Score 1 User: What was the Blitzkrieg? = 15 * 3/20 Answer (1 of 24): What post-war historians deemed Blitzkrieg was based on a concept known as schwerpunkt, meaning center of gravity or focal point. Soviet forces were driven back more than 600 miles to the gates of Moscow, with staggering losses. Naveh described it as an "ad hoc solution" to operational dangers, thrown together at the last moment. Why was the Virginia Company founded? [25] The German popular press followed suit nine months later, after the fall of France in 1940; hence although the word had been used in German, it was first popularized by British journalism. Answer (1 of 14): The Blitzkrieg, a combined arms attack featuring well trained troops, tankers, artillery and dive bombers, throwing caution to the wind, and driving into a presumed weak spot in their opponent's defenses. On page 14 of The Call of the Wild, what's meant by the phrase "The _____ is defined as to lose or give up hope that things will 15. [8] According to David Reynolds, "Hitler himself called the term Blitzkrieg 'A completely idiotic word' (ein ganz bldsinniges Wort)". [148][146], The early 1950s literature transformed blitzkrieg into a historical military doctrine, which carried the signature of Liddell Hart and Guderian. [37], The British Army took lessons from the successful infantry and artillery offensives on the Western Front in late 1918. Mechanization of the army was considered a means to avoid mass casualties and indecisive nature of offensives, as part of a combined-arms theory of war. User: 3/4 16/9 Weegy: 3/4 ? Omissions? [126] Despite its later disappointments as German troops extended their lines at too great a distance, the very specter of armored Blitzkrieg forces initially proved victorious against Polish, Dutch, Belgian, and French armies early in the war. The German leadership were concerned less with how to balance the civilian economy and the needs of civilian consumption but to figure out how to best prepare the economy for total war. Student described it as ideas that "naturally emerged from the existing circumstances" as a response to operational challenges. Beginning in the 20th century, technological advances such as radio, aircraft, and motorized vehicles allowed a commander to concentrate force at the Schwerpunkt so as to annihilate the opposition and achieve victory. A third relatively early use of the term in German occurs in Die Deutsche Kriegsstrke (German War Strength) by Fritz Sternberg, a Jewish, Marxist, political economist and refugee from Nazi Germany, published in 1938 in Paris and in London as Germany and a Lightning War. User: Alcohol in excess of ___ proof Weegy: Buck is losing his civilized characteristics. In the south, Allies land in southern France and take Rome. [51] In 2002 H. P. Willmott had noted that deep battle contained two important differences: it was a doctrine of total war (not of limited operations), and rejected decisive battle in favor of several large, simultaneous offensives. [74] The Allies flew 434 French and 160 British sorties a day but methods of attacking ground targets had yet to be developed; therefore Allied aircraft caused negligible damage. When Liddell Hart was questioned about this in 1968 and the discrepancy between the English and German editions of Guderian's memoirs, "he gave a conveniently unhelpful though strictly truthful reply. That Nazi Germany went to war on the basis of "blitzkrieg economics" was criticized by Richard Overy in the 1980s and George Raudzens described the contradictory senses in which historians have used the word. Tank and vehicle production was a constant problem for Germany; indeed, late in the war many panzer "divisions" had no more than a few dozen tanks. Armor commitment consisted of Panzer Battalion 88, a force built around three companies of Panzer I tanks that functioned as a training cadre for Spain's Nationalists. Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. Another German theorist, Ernst Volckheim, wrote a huge amount on tank and combined arms tactics and was influential to German thinking on the use of armored formations but his work was not acknowledged in Guderian's writings.[159]. Hitler's correspondence with his economists also reveals that his intent was to wage war in 19431945, when the resources of central Europe had been absorbed into Nazi Germany. Blitzkrieg is the latest development in WWII real-time strategy gaming combining flexibility, historic accuracy and endless playability into one of the most challenging and enjoyable games yet! German thinking reverted to the possibility of a quick and decisive war for the Balkan campaign and Operation Barbarossa.[115]. Blitzkrieg tactics were also used by the German commander Erwin Rommel during the desert campaigns in North Africa. In such formation of all arms, the tanks must play primary role, the other weapons being subordinated to the requirements of the armor. Terrain would ideally be flat, firm, unobstructed by natural barriers or fortifications, and interspersed with roads and railways. Germany did not defeat Great Britain, which was protected from German ground attack by the English Channel and the Royal Navy. bellamy creek correctional facility death Open menu. Directive control was a fast and flexible method of command. greensboro country club board of directors [22], In English and other languages, the term had been used since the 1920s. The German armies pushed on towards Amiens and then Paris, coming within 120 kilometres (75mi) before supply deficiencies and Allied reinforcements halted the advance.[30]. One main difference between the United States Constitution and state constitutions is that state constitutions States specific services to provide. "[123] Hanson also reports that at a Munich public address in November 1941, Hitler had "disowned" the concept of Blitzkrieg by calling it an "idiotic word. User: She worked really hard on the project. In November 1937 Hitler had indicated that most of the armament projects would be completed by 194345. He continued, "We believe that by attacking with tanks we can achieve a higher rate of movement than has been hitherto obtainable, andwhat is perhaps even more importantthat we can keep moving once a breakthrough has been made. They seized strategic points in eastern Belgium and landed deep within Holland. You must defend the motherland from invading convoys of tanks, cars, and jeeps while enemy aircraft bomb vital buildings. A. [20][21] Both used the term to mean a swift strategic knock-out, rather than a radical new military doctrine or approach to war. 257-60, Oberleutnant D. Braun, 'Der strategische Uberfall', Militr-Wochenblatt XVIII (1938), pp. [ ] Score 1. [104] In the following months, the Red Army constructed deep defensive belts along the paths of the planned German attack. It was never used in the title of a military doctrine or handbook of the German army or air force,[8] and no "coherent doctrine" or "unifying concept of blitzkrieg" existed. Through his indoctrinated idealization of an ostentatious concept, he reinforced the myth of blitzkrieg. On 10 May the Luftwaffe began attacking France, Belgium and Holland, concentrating particularly on the latter. During World War Two, Germany used Blitzkrieg warfare or "Lightning War" to quickly sweep through Europe. [141], The vital industries and transportation centers that would be targeted for shutdown were valid military targets. [41] The decisive Battle of Megiddo included concentration, surprise and speed; success depended on attacking only in terrain favoring the movement of large formations around the battlefield and tactical improvements in the British artillery and infantry attack. = 45/20 A. German attempts to weather the storm and fight out of encirclements failed due to the Russian ability to continue to feed armored units into the attack, maintaining the mobility and strength of the offensive, arriving in force deep in the rear areas, faster than the Germans could regroup. Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal. The Manhattan Project was the top-secret project tasked with developing atomic weapons in the United States. A. Every unit in the army, from the company to the supreme command, decided on a Schwerpunkt through schwerpunktbildung, as did the support services, which meant that commanders always knew what was most important and why. [151], During World War I, Fuller had been a staff officer attached to the new tank corps. The French, hard pressed to organize any sort of counter-attack, were continually ordered to form new defensive lines and found that German forces had already by-passed them and moved on. Paradoxically, from that period onward it became its weakness. We would like to thank Crown Family Philanthropies and the Abe and Ida Cooper Foundation for supporting the ongoing work to create content and resources for the Holocaust Encyclopedia. Like von Seeckt, de Gaulle concluded that France could no longer maintain the huge armies of conscripts and reservists which had fought World War I, and he sought to use tanks, mechanized forces and aircraft to allow a smaller number of highly trained soldiers to have greater impact in battle. [6] The term had appeared in 1935, in a German military periodical Deutsche Wehr (German Defense), in connection to quick or lightning warfare. The XV Panzer Corps attacked towards Brest, XIV Panzer Corps attacked east of Paris, towards Lyon and the XIX Panzer Corps encircled the Maginot Line. What fuel there was went to panzer divisions, and even then they were not able to operate normally. The last great battle of World War II fought using blitzkrieg tactics was the Battle of Berlin (April 1945). See all questions asked by mstonebreaker1998. = 2 5/20 Guderian summarized combined-arms tactics as the way to get the mobile and motorized armored divisions to work together and support each other to achieve decisive success. In 193940, 45 percent of the army was 40 years old and 50 percent of the soldiers had only a few weeks' training. = 2 1/4. [139] In 2003, John Mosier wrote that while the French soldiers in 1940 were better trained than German soldiers, as were the Americans later and that the German army was the least mechanized of the major armies, its leadership cadres were larger and better and that the high standard of leadership was the main reason for the successes of the German army in World War II, as it had been in World War I. Germany quickly overran much of Europe and was victorious for more than two years by relying on this new military tactic of "Blitzkrieg." German air power prevented the enemy from adequately resupplying or redeploying forces and thereby from sending reinforcements to seal breaches in the front. = 2 1/4. User: 3/4 16/9 Weegy: 3/4 ? "[24] After the invasion of Poland, the British press commonly used the term to describe German successes in that campaign, something Harris called "a piece of journalistic sensationalism a buzz-word with which to label the spectacular early successes of the Germans in the Second World War". Raymond Limbach is an independent historian who has an M.A. To obtain the best co-operation between all arms, emphasis was placed on detailed planning, rigid control and adherence to orders. 1134-6, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz63329.html, "Fort Eben-Emael: Geographic Pivot of the Western Front, 1940", "Advancing Backwards: The Demodernization of the German Army in World War 2", "How Methamphetamine Became a Key Part of Nazi Military Strategy (January 7, 2020)", https://doi.org/10.1179/106980489790305551, Armstrong, G. P. The Controversy over Tanks in the British Army 1919 to 1933 (PhD 1976), Sinesi, Michael. The construction and training of motorized forces and a full mobilization of the rail networks would not begin until 1943 and 1944 respectively. While the Nazi military strategy of blitzkrieg was wildly successful in most of Europe, it failed in both Britain and the Soviet Union. The Queen wanted all the money from the New World. What were the border states important to the north during the Civil War? Clausewitz called that concentration the Schwerpunkt (centre of gravity) where it was most dense, identifying it as the effective target for attack. [d] The devices were largely removed when the enemy became used to the noise after the Battle of France in 1940 and instead bombs sometimes had whistles attached. His book offers scant clues as to how German lightning victories might be won. User: Alcohol in excess of ___ proof Weegy: Buck is losing his civilized characteristics. [146] By manipulation and contrivance, Liddell Hart distorted the actual circumstances of the blitzkrieg formation, and he obscured its origins. If the defender can hold the shoulders of the breach they will have the opportunity to counter-attack into the flank of the attacker, potentially cutting off the van as happened to Kampfgruppe Peiper in the Ardennes. [137], Adam Tooze wrote that the German economy was being prepared for a long war. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. [111], After the Allied landings in Normandy (June 1944), the Germans began a counter-offensive to overwhelm the landing force with armored attacks - but these failed due to a lack of co-ordination and to Allied superiority in anti-tank defense and in the air. In this fascinating documentary, Clare Mulley . Answer (1 of 3): It means lightning war, and it was effective for a few reasons.

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